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小米基于 trx 改了个打包解包固件的工具
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< h1 id = "小米固件工具mkxqimage" > < a href = "#小米固件工具mkxqimage" class = "headerlink" title = "小米固件工具mkxqimage" > < / a > 小米固件工具mkxqimage< / h1 > < p > 小米自己改了个打包解包固件的工具，基于 trx 改的（本质上还是 trx 格式），加了 RSA 验证和解包功能，路由系统里自带：< br > < figure class = "highlight plain" > < table > < tr > < td class = "gutter" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 2< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 3< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 4< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < td class = "code" > < pre > < span class = "line" > Usage:< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > mkxqimg [-o outfile] [-p private_key] [-f file] [-f file [-f file [-f file ]]]< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > [-x file]< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > [-I]< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < / tr > < / table > < / figure > < / p >
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< h2 id = "固件打包" > < a href = "#固件打包" class = "headerlink" title = "固件打包" > < / a > 固件打包< / h2 > < p > 小米官方在打包固件时用RSA私钥计算出固件的RSA签名， ， < / p >
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< h2 id = "固件解包" > < a href = "#固件解包" class = "headerlink" title = "固件解包" > < / a > 固件解包< / h2 > < p > 固件工具mkxqimage完成对固件的解包， ， ， ， < / p >
< h2 id = "固件更新签名校验" > < a href = "#固件更新签名校验" class = "headerlink" title = "固件更新签名校验" > < / a > 固件更新签名校验< / h2 > < p > 小米路由器进行固件更新时同样会进行签名校验，文件/usr/share/xiaoqiang/public.pem是它的公钥， ， ， ， ， ； ， ， ， ， ， < / p >
< p > 由此可见，在限制降级的前提下，在固件更新时进行签名校验，能有效地防止路由器被植入木马。< / p >
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< h2 id = "固件格式" > < a href = "#固件格式" class = "headerlink" title = "固件格式" > < / a > < a href = "http://www.iptvfans.cn/wiki/index.php/%E5%B0%8F%E7%B1%B3%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%99%A8%E5%9B%BA%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener" > 固件格式< / a > < / h2 > < p > 路由固件的格式，基本是基于 openwrt 的 trx 这个简单的二进制文件格式< br > < figure class = "highlight plain" > < table > < tr > < td class = "gutter" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 2< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 3< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < td class = "code" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 48 44 52 30 63 D4 11 03 FE 3D 1A FD 05 00 02 00< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 20 00 00 00 20 00 FE 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > FF 04 00 EA 14 F0 9F E5 14 F0 9F E5 14 F0 9F E5< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < / tr > < / table > < / figure > < / p >
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< p > 第1～ ： ， ； < br > 第5～ ： ， ： ； < br > 第9~12字节： ； < br > 第13～ ： ， ； < br > 第15～ ： ， ； < br > 第17～ ： ， ， ， ； < br > 第21～ ： ， ， ， ； < br > 第33字节开始是固件的正式内容开始。< / p >
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< h2 id = "小米开启ssh工具包" > < a href = "#小米开启ssh工具包" class = "headerlink" title = "小米开启ssh工具包" > < / a > 小米开启ssh工具包< / h2 > < p > 使用mkxqimage解包< br > （现在会提示秘钥不存在）< br > < figure class = "highlight plain" > < table > < tr > < td class = "gutter" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 2< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < td class = "code" > < pre > < span class = "line" > error fopen public key< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > Image verify failed, not formal image< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < / tr > < / table > < / figure > < / p >
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< p > 如果能解包应该可以得到脚本文件upsetting.sh< / p >
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< figure class = "highlight plain" > < table > < tr > < td class = "gutter" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 2< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 3< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 4< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < td class = "code" > < pre > < span class = "line" > #!/bin/sh< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > nvram set ssh_en=1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > nvram set flag_init_root_pwd=1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > nvram commit< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < / tr > < / table > < / figure >
< p > 执行脚本文件upsetting.sh后， ， ， ， ， ： < br > < figure class = "highlight plain" > < table > < tr > < td class = "gutter" > < pre > < span class = "line" > 1< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 2< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 3< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 4< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 5< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 6< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > 7< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < td class = "code" > < pre > < span class = "line" > flg_init_pwd=`nvram get flag_init_root_pwd`< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > if [ " $flg_init_pwd" = " 1" ]; then< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > init_pwd=`mkxqimage -I`< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > (echo $init_pwd; sleep 1; echo $init_pwd) | passwd root< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > nvram unset flag_init_root_pwd< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > nvram commit< / span > < br > < span class = "line" > fi< / span > < br > < / pre > < / td > < / tr > < / table > < / figure > < / p >
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< p > 初始密码是mkxqimage -I的结果， ， ， ： < / p >
< p > 初始密码计算算法为：< / p >
< p > < code > substr(md5(SN+" A2E371B0-B34B-48A5-8C40-A7133F3B5D88" ), 0, 8)< / code > < / p >
< p > < strong > < em > A2E371B0-B34B-48A5-8C40-A7133F3B5D88< / em > < / strong > 为分析mkxqimage得到的salt< / p >
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new needShareButton('#needsharebutton-postbottom', pbOptions);
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