1428 lines
46 KiB
HTML
1428 lines
46 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="description" content="控制局域网内的IOT设备中间人攻击—流量分析使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP 小米智能插座：192.168.31.197 网关：192.168.31.147（控制它的手机ip） ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量sudo ettercap -i ens33 -T -q -M ARP:remote /192.168.31.197// /192.168.31.147//">
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<meta property="og:description" content="控制局域网内的IOT设备中间人攻击—流量分析使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP 小米智能插座：192.168.31.197 网关：192.168.31.147（控制它的手机ip） ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量sudo ettercap -i ens33 -T -q -M ARP:remote /192.168.31.197// /192.168.31.147//">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="控制局域网内的IOT设备中间人攻击—流量分析使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP 小米智能插座：192.168.31.197 网关：192.168.31.147（控制它的手机ip） ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量sudo ettercap -i ens33 -T -q -M ARP:remote /192.168.31.197// /192.168.31.147//">
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<title>利用miio控制局域网内的小米智能设备 | 混元霹雳手</title>
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<h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">利用miio控制局域网内的小米智能设备</h1>
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<time title="创建于" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2018-12-15T14:38:15+08:00">
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2018-12-15
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<a href="/categories/IOT/" itemprop="url" rel="index">
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<span itemprop="name">IOT</span>
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</a>
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</span>
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</span>
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<span id="/2018/12/15/miio-control/" class="leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="利用miio控制局域网内的小米智能设备">
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<span title="字数统计">
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955 字
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</span>
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<span title="阅读时长">
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3 分钟
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</span>
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<h1 id="控制局域网内的IOT设备"><a href="#控制局域网内的IOT设备" class="headerlink" title="控制局域网内的IOT设备"></a>控制局域网内的IOT设备</h1><h2 id="中间人攻击—流量分析"><a href="#中间人攻击—流量分析" class="headerlink" title="中间人攻击—流量分析"></a>中间人攻击—流量分析</h2><h3 id="使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP"><a href="#使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP" class="headerlink" title="使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP"></a>使用Nmap分析局域网内设备，得到智能设备的IP</h3><p><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323434/miio/1.png" alt><br> 小米智能插座：192.168.31.197 网关：192.168.31.147（控制它的手机ip）</p>
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<h3 id="ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量"><a href="#ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量" class="headerlink" title="ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量"></a>ettercap嗅探智能设备和网关之间的流量</h3><p>sudo ettercap -i ens33 -T -q -M ARP:remote /192.168.31.197// /192.168.31.147//</p>
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<h3 id="wireshark抓包分析"><a href="#wireshark抓包分析" class="headerlink" title="wireshark抓包分析"></a>wireshark抓包分析</h3><p><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323435/miio/2.png" alt><br>从图中可以看出，设备的命令控制包为UDP传输，既然是UDP协议传输，那么是否可以通过命令包重放攻击来对设备进行控制？<br>了解到在homeassistant中可实现对小米设备的集成，并在其中对设备进行管理和操作。Homeassistant，主要以Python语言开发，既然它能操控小米设备，那它底层肯定有相关的函数调用库。<br>为了可以消除对专有软件(米家app)的依赖，并能控制自己的设备，所以出现了MiIo。设备和米家app在同一局域网下使用的加密专有网络协议我们称之为MiIo协议。<br>Miio库支持的设备有：<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323434/miio/3.png" alt></p>
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<h2 id="小米IOT控制流程"><a href="#小米IOT控制流程" class="headerlink" title="小米IOT控制流程"></a>小米IOT控制流程</h2><p>在同一局域网中，小米设备可以使用专有的加密UDP网络协议进行通信控制。在网络可达的前提下，向小米设备发送hello bytes就可以获得含有token的结构体数据。之后，构造相应的结构体，并且以同样的方式发送给设备即可完成控制。具体流程如下：<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323435/miio/4.png" alt></p>
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<h2 id="设备Token的获取方式"><a href="#设备Token的获取方式" class="headerlink" title="设备Token的获取方式"></a>设备Token的获取方式</h2><p>小米设备的token获取有三种途径：miio获取、从米家app获取、从数据库获取</p>
|
||
<h3 id="miio获取"><a href="#miio获取" class="headerlink" title="miio获取"></a>miio获取</h3><p>在ubuntu下，先安装miio，然后发现设备：<br>npminstall -g miio<br>miiodiscover<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323440/miio/5.png" alt><br>但是很可惜，很多设备隐藏了token，使用该方法可能无法获取到token或获取到的token不正确。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="米家app获取"><a href="#米家app获取" class="headerlink" title="米家app获取"></a>米家app获取</h3><p>这种方法需要的mijia app版本较老，且只对部分设备有效。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="从数据库获取token"><a href="#从数据库获取token" class="headerlink" title="从数据库获取token"></a>从数据库获取token</h3><p>这种方法仅在Mi Home 5.0.19之前的版本可用。<br>该方法是读取手机中米家的app中的数据记录来获取设备的token，具体步骤如下：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>准备一部获取root权限的安卓手机</li>
|
||
<li>安装米家app并登录账号</li>
|
||
<li>进入/data/data/com.xiaomi.smarthome/databases/</li>
|
||
<li>拷贝db，下载到电脑</li>
|
||
<li><a href="http://miio2.yinhh.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">前往网站</a>，上传db，点击提交，即可获得token。</li>
|
||
<li>8894c73cbd5c7224fb4b8a39e360c255<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323440/miio/6.png" alt></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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<h2 id="脚本控制IOT设备"><a href="#脚本控制IOT设备" class="headerlink" title="脚本控制IOT设备"></a>脚本控制IOT设备</h2><p>首先随意发送hellobytes获得时间和设备ID，token我们自己设置；然后构造发送的数据结构msg，cmd中的method包括：set_power(控制开关)、get_prop(获取状态)，控制的params是[‘on’]/ [‘off’]，获取状态的params是[‘power’, ‘temperature’]<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323440/miio/7.png" alt><br>如果获得了token，就能对小米的设备进行操作，如图下面是返回的信息。<br><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/dozyfkbg3/image/upload/v1553323440/miio/8.png" alt></p>
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<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>从目前的智能家居市场来看，用户不会只使用单个智能设备厂商的设备，所以对于厂商来说，通过开放接口给用户一些局域网的控制“自由”，实现不同厂商设备的联动是一个不错的选择。<br>从另外一个角度，本文中体现的安全问题我们也不容忽视。如果在局域网中不经过认证就能获取物联网设备的访问凭证，并进而进行控制，无形中给入侵者留了一扇门。例如，攻击者可经过扫描互联网发现家庭路由器，并利用弱口令或设备漏洞获得路由器的shell权限，接下来就可按照文中步骤就可以获得设备token进而控制。好在小米已经在最新的miio版本中修复了这一漏洞，大大提高了攻击者获取token的难度。</p>
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|
||
}
|
||
var path = "/" + search_path;
|
||
// monitor main search box;
|
||
|
||
var onPopupClose = function (e) {
|
||
$('.popup').hide();
|
||
$('#local-search-input').val('');
|
||
$('.search-result-list').remove();
|
||
$('#no-result').remove();
|
||
$(".local-search-pop-overlay").remove();
|
||
$('body').css('overflow', '');
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
function proceedsearch() {
|
||
$("body")
|
||
.append('<div class="search-popup-overlay local-search-pop-overlay"></div>')
|
||
.css('overflow', 'hidden');
|
||
$('.search-popup-overlay').click(onPopupClose);
|
||
$('.popup').toggle();
|
||
var $localSearchInput = $('#local-search-input');
|
||
$localSearchInput.attr("autocapitalize", "none");
|
||
$localSearchInput.attr("autocorrect", "off");
|
||
$localSearchInput.focus();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// search function;
|
||
var searchFunc = function(path, search_id, content_id) {
|
||
'use strict';
|
||
|
||
// start loading animation
|
||
$("body")
|
||
.append('<div class="search-popup-overlay local-search-pop-overlay">' +
|
||
'<div id="search-loading-icon">' +
|
||
'<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-5x fa-fw"></i>' +
|
||
'</div>' +
|
||
'</div>')
|
||
.css('overflow', 'hidden');
|
||
$("#search-loading-icon").css('margin', '20% auto 0 auto').css('text-align', 'center');
|
||
|
||
$.ajax({
|
||
url: path,
|
||
dataType: isXml ? "xml" : "json",
|
||
async: true,
|
||
success: function(res) {
|
||
// get the contents from search data
|
||
isfetched = true;
|
||
$('.popup').detach().appendTo('.header-inner');
|
||
var datas = isXml ? $("entry", res).map(function() {
|
||
return {
|
||
title: $("title", this).text(),
|
||
content: $("content",this).text(),
|
||
url: $("url" , this).text()
|
||
};
|
||
}).get() : res;
|
||
var input = document.getElementById(search_id);
|
||
var resultContent = document.getElementById(content_id);
|
||
var inputEventFunction = function() {
|
||
var searchText = input.value.trim().toLowerCase();
|
||
var keywords = searchText.split(/[\s\-]+/);
|
||
if (keywords.length > 1) {
|
||
keywords.push(searchText);
|
||
}
|
||
var resultItems = [];
|
||
if (searchText.length > 0) {
|
||
// perform local searching
|
||
datas.forEach(function(data) {
|
||
var isMatch = false;
|
||
var hitCount = 0;
|
||
var searchTextCount = 0;
|
||
var title = data.title.trim();
|
||
var titleInLowerCase = title.toLowerCase();
|
||
var content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g,"");
|
||
var contentInLowerCase = content.toLowerCase();
|
||
var articleUrl = decodeURIComponent(data.url);
|
||
var indexOfTitle = [];
|
||
var indexOfContent = [];
|
||
// only match articles with not empty titles
|
||
if(title != '') {
|
||
keywords.forEach(function(keyword) {
|
||
function getIndexByWord(word, text, caseSensitive) {
|
||
var wordLen = word.length;
|
||
if (wordLen === 0) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
var startPosition = 0, position = [], index = [];
|
||
if (!caseSensitive) {
|
||
text = text.toLowerCase();
|
||
word = word.toLowerCase();
|
||
}
|
||
while ((position = text.indexOf(word, startPosition)) > -1) {
|
||
index.push({position: position, word: word});
|
||
startPosition = position + wordLen;
|
||
}
|
||
return index;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
indexOfTitle = indexOfTitle.concat(getIndexByWord(keyword, titleInLowerCase, false));
|
||
indexOfContent = indexOfContent.concat(getIndexByWord(keyword, contentInLowerCase, false));
|
||
});
|
||
if (indexOfTitle.length > 0 || indexOfContent.length > 0) {
|
||
isMatch = true;
|
||
hitCount = indexOfTitle.length + indexOfContent.length;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// show search results
|
||
|
||
if (isMatch) {
|
||
// sort index by position of keyword
|
||
|
||
[indexOfTitle, indexOfContent].forEach(function (index) {
|
||
index.sort(function (itemLeft, itemRight) {
|
||
if (itemRight.position !== itemLeft.position) {
|
||
return itemRight.position - itemLeft.position;
|
||
} else {
|
||
return itemLeft.word.length - itemRight.word.length;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
// merge hits into slices
|
||
|
||
function mergeIntoSlice(text, start, end, index) {
|
||
var item = index[index.length - 1];
|
||
var position = item.position;
|
||
var word = item.word;
|
||
var hits = [];
|
||
var searchTextCountInSlice = 0;
|
||
while (position + word.length <= end && index.length != 0) {
|
||
if (word === searchText) {
|
||
searchTextCountInSlice++;
|
||
}
|
||
hits.push({position: position, length: word.length});
|
||
var wordEnd = position + word.length;
|
||
|
||
// move to next position of hit
|
||
|
||
index.pop();
|
||
while (index.length != 0) {
|
||
item = index[index.length - 1];
|
||
position = item.position;
|
||
word = item.word;
|
||
if (wordEnd > position) {
|
||
index.pop();
|
||
} else {
|
||
break;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
searchTextCount += searchTextCountInSlice;
|
||
return {
|
||
hits: hits,
|
||
start: start,
|
||
end: end,
|
||
searchTextCount: searchTextCountInSlice
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
var slicesOfTitle = [];
|
||
if (indexOfTitle.length != 0) {
|
||
slicesOfTitle.push(mergeIntoSlice(title, 0, title.length, indexOfTitle));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
var slicesOfContent = [];
|
||
while (indexOfContent.length != 0) {
|
||
var item = indexOfContent[indexOfContent.length - 1];
|
||
var position = item.position;
|
||
var word = item.word;
|
||
// cut out 100 characters
|
||
var start = position - 20;
|
||
var end = position + 80;
|
||
if(start < 0){
|
||
start = 0;
|
||
}
|
||
if (end < position + word.length) {
|
||
end = position + word.length;
|
||
}
|
||
if(end > content.length){
|
||
end = content.length;
|
||
}
|
||
slicesOfContent.push(mergeIntoSlice(content, start, end, indexOfContent));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// sort slices in content by search text's count and hits' count
|
||
|
||
slicesOfContent.sort(function (sliceLeft, sliceRight) {
|
||
if (sliceLeft.searchTextCount !== sliceRight.searchTextCount) {
|
||
return sliceRight.searchTextCount - sliceLeft.searchTextCount;
|
||
} else if (sliceLeft.hits.length !== sliceRight.hits.length) {
|
||
return sliceRight.hits.length - sliceLeft.hits.length;
|
||
} else {
|
||
return sliceLeft.start - sliceRight.start;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
// select top N slices in content
|
||
|
||
var upperBound = parseInt('1');
|
||
if (upperBound >= 0) {
|
||
slicesOfContent = slicesOfContent.slice(0, upperBound);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// highlight title and content
|
||
|
||
function highlightKeyword(text, slice) {
|
||
var result = '';
|
||
var prevEnd = slice.start;
|
||
slice.hits.forEach(function (hit) {
|
||
result += text.substring(prevEnd, hit.position);
|
||
var end = hit.position + hit.length;
|
||
result += '<b class="search-keyword">' + text.substring(hit.position, end) + '</b>';
|
||
prevEnd = end;
|
||
});
|
||
result += text.substring(prevEnd, slice.end);
|
||
return result;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
var resultItem = '';
|
||
|
||
if (slicesOfTitle.length != 0) {
|
||
resultItem += "<li><a href='" + articleUrl + "' class='search-result-title'>" + highlightKeyword(title, slicesOfTitle[0]) + "</a>";
|
||
} else {
|
||
resultItem += "<li><a href='" + articleUrl + "' class='search-result-title'>" + title + "</a>";
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
slicesOfContent.forEach(function (slice) {
|
||
resultItem += "<a href='" + articleUrl + "'>" +
|
||
"<p class=\"search-result\">" + highlightKeyword(content, slice) +
|
||
"...</p>" + "</a>";
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
resultItem += "</li>";
|
||
resultItems.push({
|
||
item: resultItem,
|
||
searchTextCount: searchTextCount,
|
||
hitCount: hitCount,
|
||
id: resultItems.length
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
};
|
||
if (keywords.length === 1 && keywords[0] === "") {
|
||
resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-search fa-5x" /></div>'
|
||
} else if (resultItems.length === 0) {
|
||
resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-frown-o fa-5x" /></div>'
|
||
} else {
|
||
resultItems.sort(function (resultLeft, resultRight) {
|
||
if (resultLeft.searchTextCount !== resultRight.searchTextCount) {
|
||
return resultRight.searchTextCount - resultLeft.searchTextCount;
|
||
} else if (resultLeft.hitCount !== resultRight.hitCount) {
|
||
return resultRight.hitCount - resultLeft.hitCount;
|
||
} else {
|
||
return resultRight.id - resultLeft.id;
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
var searchResultList = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
|
||
resultItems.forEach(function (result) {
|
||
searchResultList += result.item;
|
||
})
|
||
searchResultList += "</ul>";
|
||
resultContent.innerHTML = searchResultList;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if ('auto' === 'auto') {
|
||
input.addEventListener('input', inputEventFunction);
|
||
} else {
|
||
$('.search-icon').click(inputEventFunction);
|
||
input.addEventListener('keypress', function (event) {
|
||
if (event.keyCode === 13) {
|
||
inputEventFunction();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// remove loading animation
|
||
$(".local-search-pop-overlay").remove();
|
||
$('body').css('overflow', '');
|
||
|
||
proceedsearch();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// handle and trigger popup window;
|
||
$('.popup-trigger').click(function(e) {
|
||
e.stopPropagation();
|
||
if (isfetched === false) {
|
||
searchFunc(path, 'local-search-input', 'local-search-result');
|
||
} else {
|
||
proceedsearch();
|
||
};
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
$('.popup-btn-close').click(onPopupClose);
|
||
$('.popup').click(function(e){
|
||
e.stopPropagation();
|
||
});
|
||
$(document).on('keyup', function (event) {
|
||
var shouldDismissSearchPopup = event.which === 27 &&
|
||
$('.search-popup').is(':visible');
|
||
if (shouldDismissSearchPopup) {
|
||
onPopupClose();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="https://cdn1.lncld.net/static/js/av-core-mini-0.6.4.js"></script>
|
||
<script>AV.initialize("EWwoJgHNdlj6iBjiFlMcabUO-gzGzoHsz", "x8FxDrYG79C8YFrTww9ljo8K");</script>
|
||
<script>
|
||
function showTime(Counter) {
|
||
var query = new AV.Query(Counter);
|
||
var entries = [];
|
||
var $visitors = $(".leancloud_visitors");
|
||
|
||
$visitors.each(function () {
|
||
entries.push( $(this).attr("id").trim() );
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
query.containedIn('url', entries);
|
||
query.find()
|
||
.done(function (results) {
|
||
var COUNT_CONTAINER_REF = '.leancloud-visitors-count';
|
||
|
||
if (results.length === 0) {
|
||
$visitors.find(COUNT_CONTAINER_REF).text(0);
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
for (var i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
|
||
var item = results[i];
|
||
var url = item.get('url');
|
||
var time = item.get('time');
|
||
var element = document.getElementById(url);
|
||
|
||
$(element).find(COUNT_CONTAINER_REF).text(time);
|
||
}
|
||
for(var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
|
||
var url = entries[i];
|
||
var element = document.getElementById(url);
|
||
var countSpan = $(element).find(COUNT_CONTAINER_REF);
|
||
if( countSpan.text() == '') {
|
||
countSpan.text(0);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
.fail(function (object, error) {
|
||
console.log("Error: " + error.code + " " + error.message);
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
function addCount(Counter) {
|
||
var $visitors = $(".leancloud_visitors");
|
||
var url = $visitors.attr('id').trim();
|
||
var title = $visitors.attr('data-flag-title').trim();
|
||
var query = new AV.Query(Counter);
|
||
|
||
query.equalTo("url", url);
|
||
query.find({
|
||
success: function(results) {
|
||
if (results.length > 0) {
|
||
var counter = results[0];
|
||
counter.fetchWhenSave(true);
|
||
counter.increment("time");
|
||
counter.save(null, {
|
||
success: function(counter) {
|
||
var $element = $(document.getElementById(url));
|
||
$element.find('.leancloud-visitors-count').text(counter.get('time'));
|
||
},
|
||
error: function(counter, error) {
|
||
console.log('Failed to save Visitor num, with error message: ' + error.message);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
} else {
|
||
var newcounter = new Counter();
|
||
/* Set ACL */
|
||
var acl = new AV.ACL();
|
||
acl.setPublicReadAccess(true);
|
||
acl.setPublicWriteAccess(true);
|
||
newcounter.setACL(acl);
|
||
/* End Set ACL */
|
||
newcounter.set("title", title);
|
||
newcounter.set("url", url);
|
||
newcounter.set("time", 1);
|
||
newcounter.save(null, {
|
||
success: function(newcounter) {
|
||
var $element = $(document.getElementById(url));
|
||
$element.find('.leancloud-visitors-count').text(newcounter.get('time'));
|
||
},
|
||
error: function(newcounter, error) {
|
||
console.log('Failed to create');
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
error: function(error) {
|
||
console.log('Error:' + error.code + " " + error.message);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$(function() {
|
||
var Counter = AV.Object.extend("Counter");
|
||
if ($('.leancloud_visitors').length == 1) {
|
||
addCount(Counter);
|
||
} else if ($('.post-title-link').length > 1) {
|
||
showTime(Counter);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
(function(){
|
||
var bp = document.createElement('script');
|
||
var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
|
||
if (curProtocol === 'https') {
|
||
bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js';
|
||
}
|
||
else {
|
||
bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js';
|
||
}
|
||
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s);
|
||
})();
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|